Fear of Judgment Can Keep Adults from Disclosing Hearing Loss

An international research program found that stigma can keep adults over 50 from telling others about hearing loss. Its key points say that about one-third of adults in this age group conceal hearing difficulty for fear of judgment, potentially increasing isolation and reducing quality of life. Many participants were more concerned about stigma attached to hearing loss itself than stigma attached to wearing a hearing aid. Open conversation, professional support and support from family and community may help people seek care earlier.

Eight papers in a special issue of the International Journal of Audiology explored the effects of stigma on adults with hearing loss, their families and hearing-care professionals. The project was led by Dr Katie Ekberg of Flinders University and Professor Louise Hickson of the University of Queensland. It examined the emotional and social costs of hearing loss and stereotypes linking it only with old age or disability.

The researchers cite an estimate that about 3.6 million people in Australia have some degree of hearing loss. It describes possible effects on self-confidence, loneliness, memory and mood, as well as communication. Nearly 60% of respondents with hearing loss reported having been mocked or teased because of hearing difficulty, leaving them uncomfortable or frustrated. Some concealed their hearing loss, which could make the situation worse.

Ekberg said understanding how people feel about hearing loss is crucial to improving care: better understanding can help them gain confidence, seek assistance and communicate openly. The program drew on interviews, questionnaires and real-world video recordings involving adults with hearing loss, their partners and hearing-care professionals. It also included an online survey of more than 600 people in Australia, the United States and the United Kingdom.

One finding was a difference in perspective. Clinicians often focused on stigma associated with hearing aids, while adults worried more about being identified as having hearing loss. Many viewed modern hearing aids as discreet, technologically advanced and useful. People who spoke openly about hearing loss were more likely to accept and use hearing aids, but starting that conversation could be difficult.

Ekberg suggested that professionals ask a simple question such as, “Whom would you tell about your hearing loss?” to understand emotional barriers. She said disclosure can be an important step against stigma, although people may need support from clinicians, friends and family. Greater awareness of hearing loss acquired around age 50, she added, could challenge the stereotype that hearing difficulties affect only the very old.

The research team has developed practical resources for adults with hearing loss, hearing-care professionals, families and the public. These include infographics for clinics and prompts for discussions with clients and other health professionals.

Original report: The Hearing Review.